The following discussion is based on the framework of Campbell and Stanley, [1] in that specific threats to establishing a cause-and-effect relationship (i.e., internal validity) are associated with ...

Journal of Philosophical Logic, Vol. 50, No. 2 (April 2021), pp. 187-213 (27 pages) This paper explores trivalent truth conditions for indicative conditionals, examining the "defective" truth table ...

Synthese, Vol. 196, No. 11, Special Issue on Medical Knowledge in a Social World (November 2019), pp. 4759-4774 (16 pages) Nontransitive responses to the validity Curry paradox face a dilemma that was ...

The information needed to determine the internal and external validity of an experimental study is discussed. Internal validity is the degree to which a study establishes the cause-and-effect ...